The earliest plants and animals lived in the sea because conditions on the land were not favourable for life. Initially, there was too little oxygen in the atmosphere for breathing. Moreover, the ozone layer of the atmosphere, which prevents harmful UV radiation from the sun from reaching the ground, had not yet formed. It was only after the drying of the shallow seas that the first plants adapted to life outside increasing the oxygen content of the atmosphere and forming the ozone layer. In the Silurian period, animals resembling scorpions inhabited the land. Insects, amphibians, and reptiles appeared in the Devonian and carboniferous periods. The growth of plants also increased during this period.
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