There are many different investigative methods that a doctor can use to determine a disease. They can listen to the patient's heart and lungs, test the urine for disease-causing germs, or take blood samples and send them to a clinical laboratory for microscopic analysis. But, before carrying out any clinical investigation the doctor must know the type and nature of the ailment. If the problem is limited to a certain part or organ of the body, such as the eyes,then the doctor usually asks the patient to consult a specialist, for example, ophthalmologist, in case of an eye problem. Specialists use specialized means to diagnose and treat a disease.
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