The search for the north-west passage was effectively to find a new trade route to Asia. Although the Portuguese Ferdinand Magellan has already discovered the route around South America in 1519-1520, it was still a very long and dangerous route. Therefore, for almost 500 years, numerous expeditions were sent out to North America to find a route through the arctic ice. The British explorer Sir John Franklin went missing after his third attempt. In an attempt to find him, Robert McClure discovered the last piece of the passage in 1845. The passage was travelled completely for the first time by the Norwegian Roald Amundsen in 1903-1906. He also discovered the south pole later.
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